Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease characterized by a disruption in blood glucose levels caused by a malfunction in the production or action of the hormone insulin, which is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide; as of 2021, more than half a billion people have been diagnosed as diabetic. The incidence of diabetes is steadily increasing, partly due to ultra-processed foods, lack of physical activity, and stress.

Without proper treatment, diabetes can affect the cardiovascular system, vision, kidneys, and the nervous system. Currently, diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death globally, with healthcare costs related to its complications reaching $760 billion annually.

There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes ("juvenile diabetes") and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes primarily affects young people under the age of 30, while Type 2 diabetes occurs at all ages, with its prevalence increasing with age. In Israel, 90% of diabetes cases are Type 2.

How can a mathematical model lead to a cure for diabetes? An interview with Dr. Ron Piran